Mapulasitiki amtundu wa chakudya amagawidwa kukhala: PET (polyethylene terephthalate), HDPE (high density polyethylene), LDPE (low density polyethylene), PP (polypropylene), PS (polystyrene), PC ndi magulu ena

PET (polyethylene terephthalate)

Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri: mabotolo amadzi amchere, mabotolo akumwa a carbonated, etc.
Mabotolo amadzi amchere ndi mabotolo a zakumwa za kaboni amapangidwa ndi izi.Mabotolo akumwa sangawagwiritsenso ntchito m'madzi otentha, ndipo izi sizimamva kutentha mpaka 70°C.Ndiwoyenera kumwa zakumwa zotentha kapena zowuma, ndipo zimapunduka mosavuta zikadzazidwa ndi zakumwa zotentha kwambiri kapena zotenthedwa, zokhala ndi zinthu zovulaza anthu akutuluka.Komanso, asayansi apeza kuti pakatha miyezi 10 atagwiritsidwa ntchito, pulasitikiyi imatha kutulutsa ma carcinogens omwe ali oopsa kwa anthu.

Pachifukwa ichi, mabotolo akumwa ayenera kutayidwa akamaliza ndipo osagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati makapu kapena zosungiramo zinthu zina kuti apewe matenda.
PET idagwiritsidwa ntchito koyamba ngati ulusi wopangira, komanso mufilimu ndi tepi, ndipo mu 1976 idagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabotolo a zakumwa.PET idagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chodzaza chomwe chimadziwika kuti 'PET botolo'.

Botolo la PET limakhala ndi kuuma komanso kulimba kwambiri, ndi lopepuka (1/9 mpaka 1/15 yokha ya kulemera kwa botolo lagalasi), losavuta kunyamula ndi kugwiritsa ntchito, limagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa popanga, ndi losasunthika, losasunthika komanso lopanda mphamvu. ku ma acid ndi alkalis.

M'zaka zaposachedwa, wakhala chidebe chofunika kwambiri chodzaza zakumwa za carbonated, tiyi, madzi a zipatso, madzi akumwa, vinyo ndi soya msuzi, ndi zina zotero. , ndipo zakumwa zoledzeretsa zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito mochuluka m’mabotolo olongedza.

Zithunzi za HDPE(Polyethylene ya High Density)

Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri: zotsukira, zosambira, ndi zina.
Zotengera za pulasitiki zopangira zinthu zoyeretsera, zosamba, matumba apulasitiki omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'masitolo akuluakulu ndi malo ogulitsira nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi zinthu izi, amatha kupirira kutentha kwa 110 ℃, zolembedwa ndi matumba apulasitiki a chakudya angagwiritsidwe ntchito kusunga chakudya.Zotengera za pulasitiki zotsukira zinthu ndi zosamba zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito mukatsuka mosamala, koma zotengerazi nthawi zambiri sizitsukidwa bwino, ndikusiya zotsalira za zinthu zotsuka zoyambira, kuzisandutsa malo oswana mabakiteriya ndi kuyeretsa kosakwanira, kotero ndikwabwino kuti musamatsuke. akonzanso.
PE ndi pulasitiki yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani ndi moyo, ndipo nthawi zambiri imagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: polyethylene yapamwamba kwambiri (HDPE) ndi polyethylene yotsika kwambiri (LDPE).HDPE ili ndi malo osungunuka kwambiri kuposa LDPE, ndizovuta komanso zosagwirizana ndi kukokoloka kwa zakumwa zowononga.

LDPE imapezeka paliponse m'moyo wamakono, koma osati chifukwa cha zitsulo zomwe zimapangidwa, koma chifukwa cha matumba apulasitiki omwe mumatha kuwona kulikonse.Zambiri mwamatumba apulasitiki ndi makanema amapangidwa ndi LDPE.

LDPE (Low Density Polyethylene)

Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri: filimu yodyera, etc.
Filimu yodyera, filimu yapulasitiki, ndi zina zotero zonse zimapangidwa ndi nkhaniyi.Kutentha kukana si amphamvu, kawirikawiri, oyenerera Pe chakudya filimu mu kutentha oposa 110 ℃ adzaoneka otentha Sungunulani chodabwitsa, adzasiya thupi la munthu sangathe kuwola wothandizila pulasitiki.Komanso, chakudya chikatenthedwa mufilimu ya chakudya, mafuta omwe ali m'zakudya amatha kusungunula mosavuta zinthu zovulaza mufilimuyo.Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuchotsa pulasitiki yokulunga muzakudya mu microwave poyamba.

PP (polypropylene)

Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri: mabokosi a microwave
Mabokosi a nkhomaliro a Microwave amapangidwa ndi zinthu izi, zomwe zimalimbana ndi 130 ° C ndipo siziwoneka bwino.Ili ndiye bokosi lapulasitiki lokhalo lomwe lingayikidwe mu microwave ndipo litha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito mukatsuka mosamala.

Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti zida zina za microwave zimapangidwa ndi PP 05, koma chivindikirocho chimapangidwa ndi PS 06, chomwe chimakhala chowonekera bwino koma sichigonjetsedwa ndi kutentha kwakukulu, kotero sichikhoza kuikidwa mu microwave pamodzi ndi chidebe.Kuti mukhale otetezeka, chotsani chivindikiro musanayike chidebecho mu microwave.
PP ndi PE tinganene kuti ndi abale awiri, koma zinthu zina zakuthupi ndi zamakina zimakhala bwino kuposa PE, kotero opanga mabotolo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito PE kuti apange thupi la botolo, ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito PP molimba mtima komanso mwamphamvu kuti apange kapu ndi chogwirira. .

PP imakhala ndi malo osungunuka kwambiri a 167 ° C ndipo imagonjetsedwa ndi kutentha, ndipo mankhwala ake amatha kutsekedwa ndi nthunzi.Mabotolo ambiri opangidwa kuchokera ku PP ndi mkaka wa soya ndi mabotolo a mkaka wa mpunga, komanso mabotolo a 100% madzi oyera a zipatso, yoghuti, zakumwa zamadzimadzi, mkaka (monga pudding), etc. Zotengera zazikulu, monga ndowa, nkhokwe, masinki ochapira, mabasiketi, mabasiketi, ndi zina zambiri, amapangidwa kuchokera ku PP.

PS (polystyrene)

Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri: mbale za mabokosi a Zakudyazi, mabokosi a chakudya chofulumira
Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mbale za Zakudyazi ndi thovu mabokosi azakudya mwachangu.Ndiwopanda kutentha komanso kuzizira, koma sungakhoze kuikidwa mu uvuni wa microwave kuti asatulutse mankhwala chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri.Sitiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ma asidi amphamvu (monga madzi alalanje) kapena zinthu zamchere, chifukwa polystyrene, yomwe ndi yoyipa kwa anthu, imatha kuwola.Choncho, muyenera kupewa kulongedza zakudya zotentha m'mitsuko yazakudya zofulumira momwe mungathere.
PS imakhala ndi mayamwidwe amadzi otsika ndipo imakhala yokhazikika, kotero imatha kubayidwa jekeseni, kukanikizidwa, kutulutsa kapena kutenthedwa.Itha kupangidwa jekeseni, kusindikiza kuumbidwa, kutulutsa ndi kupangidwa ndi thermoformed.Nthawi zambiri imayikidwa ngati yachita thovu kapena yopanda thobvu molingana ndi ngati idachitikapo "kutulutsa thovu".

PCndi ena

Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri: mabotolo amadzi, makapu, mabotolo amkaka
PC ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, makamaka popanga mabotolo a mkaka ndi makapu am'mlengalenga, ndipo zimatsutsana chifukwa zimakhala ndi Bisphenol A. Akatswiri amanena kuti malinga ngati BPA ndi 100% imasinthidwa kukhala pulasitiki panthawi yopanga PC, zikutanthauza kuti malondawo ndi opanda BPA, osanenapo kuti sanatulutsidwe.Komabe, ngati BPA yaying'ono sinasinthidwe kukhala pulasitiki ya PC, imatha kutulutsidwa kukhala chakudya kapena zakumwa.Choncho, muyenera kusamala kwambiri mukamagwiritsa ntchito zotengera zapulasitikizi.
Kutentha kwa PC kumapangitsa kuti BPA itulutsidwe ndipo imatulutsidwa mofulumira.Choncho, madzi otentha sayenera kuperekedwa m'mabotolo amadzi a PC.Ngati ketulo yanu ndi nambala 07, zotsatirazi zingachepetse chiopsezo: Musatenthetse pamene mukugwiritsa ntchito ndipo musayiwonetse ku dzuwa.Osatsuka ketulo mu chotsuka mbale kapena chotsukira mbale.

Musanagwiritse ntchito kwa nthawi yoyamba, yambani ndi soda ndi madzi ofunda ndikuumitsa mwachibadwa kutentha.Ndikoyenera kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito chidebecho ngati chili ndi madontho kapena kusweka, chifukwa mapulasitiki amatha kukhala ndi mabakiteriya mosavuta ngati ali ndi malo otsetsereka.Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito ziwiya zapulasitiki mobwerezabwereza zomwe zawonongeka.