Nkhunguimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri m'makampani amakono, ndipo khalidwe lake limatsimikizira mwachindunji ubwino wa mankhwala.Kupititsa patsogolo moyo wautumiki ndi kulondola kwankhungundi kufupikitsa nthawi yopangira nkhungu ndizovuta zaukadaulo zomwe makampani ambiri akuyenera kuthetsa mwachangu.Komabe, mitundu yolephera monga kugwa, kupindika, kuvala, komanso kusweka kumachitika nthawi zambiri mukamagwiritsa ntchitonkhungu.Kotero lero, mkonzi adzakupatsani inu chiyambi cha njira zinayi za kukonza nkhungu, tiyeni tiwone.
Kukonza kuwotcherera kwa Argon arc
The kuwotcherera ikuchitika ntchito arc woyaka pakati mosalekeza kudyetsedwa kuwotcherera waya ndi workpiece monga gwero kutentha, ndi mpweya kutetezedwa Arc sprayed kuchokera kuwotcherera tochi nozzle.Pakalipano, kuwotcherera argon arc ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pazitsulo zazikulu zambiri, kuphatikizapo zitsulo za carbon ndi alloy steel.Kuwotcherera kwa MIG ndikoyenera zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, aluminium, magnesium, mkuwa, titaniyamu, zirconium ndi nickel alloys.Chifukwa cha mtengo wake wotsika, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuwotcherera nkhungu kukonza.Komabe, ali ndi kuipa monga lalikulu kuwotcherera kutentha anakhudzidwa dera ndi lalikulu olowa solder.Kukonza nkhungu mwatsatanetsatane kwasinthidwa pang'onopang'ono ndi kuwotcherera kwa laser.
Kukonza makina okonza nkhungu
Nkhungukukonza makina ndi zipangizo zamakono kukonza nkhungu pamwamba kuvala ndi zolakwika processing.Makina okonza nkhungu amalimbitsa nkhungu kuti ikhale ndi moyo wautali komanso zabwino zachuma.Ma aloyi osiyanasiyana achitsulo (mpweya wa kaboni, chitsulo cha aloyi, chitsulo chosungunula), ma aloyi opangidwa ndi faifi ndi zida zina zachitsulo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kulimbikitsa ndi kukonza pamwamba pa nkhungu ndi zida zogwirira ntchito, ndikuwonjezera kwambiri moyo wautumiki.
1. Mfundo ya makina okonza nkhungu
Amagwiritsa ntchito mfundo yotulutsa mphamvu yamagetsi yothamanga kwambiri kuti akonze zolakwika zapamtunda ndi kuvala kwachitsulo.nkhungumwa kuwotcherera kosatentha kopanda kutentha pa chogwirira ntchito.Chinthu chachikulu ndi chakuti malo omwe akhudzidwa ndi kutentha ndi ochepa, nkhungu sizidzawonongeka pambuyo pa kukonzanso, popanda annealing, palibe kupsinjika maganizo, ndipo palibe Ming'alu yomwe ikuwoneka kuti iwonetsetse kukhulupirika kwa nkhungu;itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kulimbikitsa pamwamba pa nkhungu yogwirira ntchito kuti ikwaniritse zofunikira zachitetezo cha nkhungu, kukana kutentha, komanso kukana dzimbiri.
2. Kuchuluka kwa ntchito
Kufa kukonza makina angagwiritsidwe ntchito mu makina, galimoto, kuwala makampani, zipangizo zapakhomo, mafuta, mankhwala ndi magetsi mafakitale mphamvu, kwa extrusion otentha.nkhungu, zida za filimu zotentha za extrusion, zoumba zotentha zotentha, masikono ndi zigawo zazikulu zokonza ndi mankhwala olimbikitsa pamwamba.
Mwachitsanzo, makina okonza magetsi amtundu wa ESD-05 atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukonzanso jekeseni wa jekeseni, mikwingwirima ndi zokala, ndikukonza dzimbiri, kugwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa nkhungu zomwe zimafa ngati zinc-aluminium kufa- kuponya nkhungu.Mphamvu yamakina ndi 900W, voliyumu yolowera ndi AC220V, ma frequency ndi 50 ~ 500Hz, mtundu wamagetsi ndi 20 ~ 100V, ndipo kuchuluka kwake ndi 10% ~ 100%.
Brush plating kukonza
Ukadaulo wopaka utoto wa brush umagwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chapadera chamagetsi cha DC.Mzati yabwino yamagetsi imalumikizidwa ndi cholembera ngati anode pakupanga maburashi;mzati zoipa za magetsi chikugwirizana workpiece monga cathode pa plating burashi.Cholembera choyikira nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsa ntchito midadada yoyera bwino ya graphite monga The anode, chipika cha graphite chimakutidwa ndi thonje komanso malaya a thonje osagwirizana ndi polyester.
Pogwira ntchito, msonkhano wamagetsi umasinthidwa kukhala voteji yoyenera, ndipo cholembera chodzaza ndi yankho la plating chimasunthidwa pa liwiro linalake lachibale pa gawo lolumikizana la pamwamba pa workpiece yokonzedwa.The ayoni zitsulo mu plating njira kufalikira kwa workpiece pansi zochita za mphamvu kumunda mphamvu.Pamwamba, ma elekitironi opezeka padziko ndi kusanduka zitsulo maatomu, kuti maatomu zitsulo izi waikamo ndi crystallized kupanga ❖ kuyanika, ndiko kuti, kupeza chofunika yunifolomu mafunsidwe wosanjikiza pa ntchito pamwamba pa nkhungu pulasitiki patsekeke. kukonzedwa.
Makina opangira plasma, makina owotchera opopera a plasma, kukonza kwa shaft
Kukonzekera kwa laser pamwamba
Kuwotcherera kwa laser ndi kuwotcherera komwe mtengo wa laser umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gwero la kutentha poyang'ana pa mtsinje wamphamvu kwambiri wogwirizana wa monochromatic photon.Izi kuwotcherera njira zambiri zikuphatikizapo mosalekeza mphamvu laser kuwotcherera ndi pulsed mphamvu laser kuwotcherera.Ubwino wa kuwotcherera kwa laser ndikuti sikuyenera kuchitidwa mu vacuum, koma choyipa ndichakuti mphamvu yolowera siili yolimba ngati kuwotcherera kwa ma elekitironi.Kuwongolera kolondola kwamphamvu kumatha kuchitika pa kuwotcherera kwa laser, kuti kuwotcherera kwa zida zolondola zitha kuchitika.Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazitsulo zambiri, makamaka pothetsa kuwotcherera kwa zitsulo zovuta kuziwotcherera ndi zitsulo zosiyana.Yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambirinkhungukukonza.
Ukadaulo wa laser cladding
The laser pamwamba cladding luso ndi mofulumira kutentha ndi kusungunula aloyi ufa kapena ceramic ufa ndi pamwamba pa gawo lapansi pansi pa zochita za laser mtengo.Mtengowo ukachotsedwa, kuziziritsa kodzisangalatsa kumapanga chophimba pamwamba ndi mlingo wochepa kwambiri wa dilution ndi kuphatikiza zitsulo ndi gawo lapansi., Pofuna kusintha kwambiri pamwamba pa gawo lapansi kukana abrasion, kukana dzimbiri, kukana kutentha, kukana makutidwe ndi okosijeni ndi mawonekedwe amagetsi a njira yolimbikitsira pamwamba.
Mwachitsanzo, pambuyo pazitsulo za carbon-tungsten laser 60 # zitsulo, kuuma kwake kumafika ku 2200HV kapena kupitirira apo, ndipo kukana kuvala kumakhala pafupifupi nthawi 20 kuposa chitsulo choyambira 60 #.Pambuyo pa laser cladding CoCrSiB alloy pamwamba pa chitsulo cha Q235, kukana kuvala ndi kukana kwa dzimbiri kwa kupopera mbewu kwa lawi kunafanizidwa, ndipo zidapezeka kuti kukana kwa dzimbiri kunali kokulirapo kuposa komweko.
Kuyika kwa laser kumatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri molingana ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zoperekera ufa: njira yokhazikitsira ufa ndi njira yodyera ufa.Zotsatira za njira ziwirizi ndizofanana.Njira yodyetsera ufa wa synchronous ili ndi kuwongolera kosavuta, kutsika kwamphamvu kwa laser, kulibe ma pores amkati, makamaka cermet yophimba, yomwe imatha kusintha kwambiri magwiridwe antchito a anti-cracking, kotero kuti gawo lolimba la ceramic litha kukhala Ubwino wa yunifolomu. kugawa mu cladding wosanjikiza.