Nkhunguimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri m'makampani amakono, ndipo ubwino wake umatsimikizira mwachindunji ubwino wa chinthucho. Kukweza moyo wautumiki ndi kulondola kwankhungundi kufupikitsa nthawi yopangira nkhungu ndi mavuto aukadaulo omwe makampani ambiri amafunika kuthetsa mwachangu. Komabe, njira zolephera monga kugwa, kusintha, kutha, komanso kusweka nthawi zambiri zimachitika mukamagwiritsa ntchitonkhungu.Kotero lero, mkonzi adzakupatsani chiyambi cha njira zinayi zokonzera nkhungu, tiyeni tiwone.
Kukonza zowotcherera za Argon arc
Kuwotcherera kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito waya woyatsira pakati pa waya wowotcherera womwe umaperekedwa nthawi zonse ndi chogwirira ntchito ngati gwero la kutentha, ndipo waya wotetezedwa ndi mpweya wothiridwa kuchokera ku nozzle ya tochi yowotcherera. Pakadali pano, kuwotcherera kwa argon arc ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pazitsulo zazikulu zambiri, kuphatikiza chitsulo cha kaboni ndi chitsulo cha alloy. Kuwotcherera kwa MIG ndikoyenera chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, aluminiyamu, magnesium, mkuwa, titaniyamu, zirconium ndi nickel alloys. Chifukwa cha mtengo wake wotsika, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri powotcherera nkhungu. Komabe, ili ndi zovuta monga malo akuluakulu okhudzidwa ndi kutentha kwa welding ndi malo akuluakulu olumikizirana. Kukonza nkhungu molondola kwasinthidwa pang'onopang'ono ndi kuwotcherera kwa laser.
Kukonza makina okonzera nkhungu
NkhunguMakina okonzera ndi zida zamakono kwambiri zokonzera kuwonongeka kwa pamwamba pa nkhungu ndi kukonza zolakwika. Makina okonzera nkhungu amalimbitsa nkhungu kuti ikhale ndi moyo wautali komanso phindu labwino pazachuma. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya aloyi yochokera kuchitsulo (chitsulo cha kaboni, chitsulo cha aloyi, chitsulo choponyedwa), aloyi yochokera ku nickel ndi zipangizo zina zachitsulo zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kulimbitsa ndi kukonza pamwamba pa nkhungu ndi zinthu zogwirira ntchito, ndikuwonjezera kwambiri moyo wautumiki.
1. Mfundo ya makina okonzera nkhungu
Imagwiritsa ntchito mfundo yotulutsa mphamvu zamagetsi pafupipafupi kuti ikonze zolakwika pamwamba ndi kuwonongeka kwa chitsulocho.nkhungupogwiritsa ntchito cholumikizira chosagwiritsa ntchito kutentha pa chogwirira ntchito. Chinthu chachikulu ndichakuti malo omwe akhudzidwa ndi kutentha ndi ochepa, nkhungu sidzawonongeka ikakonzedwa, popanda kuponderezedwa, palibe kupsinjika, ndipo palibe Ming'alu yomwe imawoneka kuti imatsimikizira kuti nkhunguyo ndi yolimba; ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito kulimbitsa pamwamba pa chogwirira ntchito cha nkhungu kuti ikwaniritse zofunikira pakugwira ntchito kwa nkhungu kuti isamawonongeke, kukana kutentha, komanso kukana dzimbiri.
2. Kuchuluka kwa ntchito
Makina okonzera ma die angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'makina, magalimoto, makampani opepuka, zida zapakhomo, mafakitale amafuta, mankhwala ndi magetsi, potulutsa zinthu zotenthankhungu, zida zotenthetsera zotulutsira mpweya, zoumba zotentha, kukonza mipukutu ndi zigawo zofunika komanso kulimbitsa pamwamba.
Mwachitsanzo, makina okonzera ma spark surfacing amagetsi amtundu wa ESD-05 angagwiritsidwe ntchito kukonza ma mold obayira jakisoni chifukwa cha kusweka, kuvulala ndi mikwingwirima, komanso kukonza dzimbiri, kugwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa ma mold obayira monga zinc-aluminium die-casting molds. Mphamvu ya makina ndi 900W, voltage yolowera ndi AC220V, ma frequency ndi 50~500Hz, voltage range ndi 20~100V, ndipo kuchuluka kwa zotuluka ndi 10%~100%.
Kukonza ma plating a burashi
Ukadaulo wopangira maburashi umagwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chapadera cha DC. Mzati wabwino wa magetsi umalumikizidwa ku cholembera chopangira maburashi ngati anode panthawi yopangira maburashi; mzati woipa wa magetsi umalumikizidwa ku chogwirira ntchito ngati cathode panthawi yopangira maburashi. Cholembera chopangira maburashi nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsa ntchito mabuloko a graphite oyera kwambiri ngati zinthu za anode, chipika cha graphite chimakulungidwa ndi thonje ndi chikwama cha thonje cha polyester chosatha.
Pakugwira ntchito, cholumikizira magetsi chimasinthidwa kuti chigwirizane ndi mphamvu yoyenera yamagetsi, ndipo cholembera cholumikizira chodzazidwa ndi yankho la pulasitiki chimasunthidwa pa liwiro linalake pamalo olumikizirana pamwamba pa chogwirira ntchito chokonzedwa. Ma ayoni achitsulo omwe ali mu yankho la pulasitiki amafalikira ku chogwirira ntchito pansi pa mphamvu yamagetsi. Pamwamba, ma elekitironi omwe amapezeka pamwamba amachepetsedwa kukhala ma atomu achitsulo, kotero kuti ma atomu achitsulo awa amaikidwa ndi kupangidwa kuti apange chophimba, kutanthauza kuti, kuti apeze gawo lofunikira loyika pamwamba pa chogwirira ntchito cha pulasitiki kuti chikonzedwe.
Makina opangira zinthu za plasma, makina owotcherera zinthu za plasma, kukonza zinthu za shaft surface
Kukonza pamwamba pa laser
Kuwotcherera kwa laser ndi kuwotcherera komwe kuwala kwa laser kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gwero la kutentha poyang'ana kwambiri pamtsinje wa monochromatic wamphamvu kwambiri. Njira yowotcherera iyi nthawi zambiri imaphatikizapo kuwotcherera kwa laser kopitilira mphamvu ndi kuwotcherera kwa laser koyendetsedwa ndi mphamvu. Ubwino wa kuwotcherera kwa laser ndikuti sikuyenera kuchitidwa mu vacuum, koma vuto ndilakuti mphamvu yolowera siili yolimba ngati kuwotcherera kwa ma elekitironi. Kuwongolera mphamvu molondola kumatha kuchitika panthawi yowotcherera kwa laser, kuti kuwotcherera kwa zida zolondola kukwaniritsidwe. Kungagwiritsidwe ntchito pazitsulo zambiri, makamaka kuthetsa kuwotcherera kwa zitsulo zina zovuta kuwotcherera ndi zitsulo zosiyana. Kwagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pankhungukukonza.
Ukadaulo wa laser cladding
Ukadaulo wa laser pamwamba pa cladding ndi kutentha ndi kusungunula ufa wa alloy kapena ufa wa ceramic ndi pamwamba pa substrate pogwiritsa ntchito laser beam. Pambuyo poti mtandawo wachotsedwa, kuziziritsa komwe kumadzisangalatsa kumapanga chophimba pamwamba chomwe chimakhala ndi dilution yochepa kwambiri komanso kuphatikiza kwachitsulo ndi zinthu za substrate. , Kuti akonze kwambiri kukana kwa kukwawa kwa substrate, kukana dzimbiri, kukana kutentha, kukana okosijeni ndi mawonekedwe amagetsi a njira yolimbikitsira pamwamba.
Mwachitsanzo, pambuyo pa chitsulo cha carbon-tungsten chophimbidwa ndi laser cha 60#, kuuma kwake kumakhala mpaka 2200HV kapena kuposerapo, ndipo kukana kwa kutopa kumakhala pafupifupi nthawi 20 kuposa chitsulo cha 60#. Pambuyo pa chitsulo cha CoCrSiB chophimbidwa ndi laser pamwamba pa chitsulo cha Q235, kukana kwa kutopa ndi kukana kwa dzimbiri kwa kupopera kwa moto kunayerekezeredwa, ndipo zinapezeka kuti kukana kwa dzimbiri kwa woyamba kunali kwakukulu kwambiri kuposa wachiwiri.
Kuphimba kwa laser kungagawidwe m'magulu awiri malinga ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zodyetsera ufa: njira yokonzedweratu ya ufa ndi njira yodyetsera ufa yogwirizana. Zotsatira za njira ziwirizi ndizofanana. Njira yodyetsera ufa yogwirizana imakhala ndi njira yosavuta yowongolera yokha, mphamvu zambiri za laser, palibe ma pores amkati, makamaka cladding cermet, zomwe zingathandize kwambiri magwiridwe antchito a cladding layer anti-cracking, kotero kuti gawo lolimba la ceramic likhoza kukhala ndi ubwino wogawa mofanana mu cladding layer.