Nkhungu, nkhungu zosiyanasiyana ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mafakitale kuti mupeze zomwe mukufuna ndi jekeseni,kuwombera mphepo, extrusion, kufa-casting kapena forging, casting, stamping, etc. Mwachidule, nkhungu ndi chida chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chinthu chopangidwa, chida chopangidwa ndi zigawo zingapo, zojambulajambula zosiyanasiyana zimapangidwa ndi mbali zosiyanasiyana.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pokonza mawonekedwe a nkhaniyo posintha momwe zinthu zimapangidwira.

Ndiye nkhungu imapangidwa bwanji?
Zotsatirazi ndizofotokozera mwachidule za ndondomeko yamakono yopanga nkhungu.

1, ESI (EarlierSupplierInvolvement supplier kutengapo gawo koyambirira): Gawoli ndi kukambirana zaukadaulo pakati pa makasitomala ndi ogulitsa za kapangidwe kazinthu ndi chitukuko cha nkhungu, etc. Cholinga chachikulu ndikulola ogulitsa kumvetsetsa bwino cholinga cha kapangidwe kazinthu ndi zofunikira zolondola, komanso Lolani opanga zinthu kuti amvetsetse bwino kapangidwe ka nkhungu Cholinga chachikulu ndikulola wogulitsa kuti amvetsetse bwino lomwe cholinga cha wopanga komanso zomwe akufuna, komanso kuti wopanga amvetsetse bwino luso la kupanga nkhungu ndi magwiridwe antchito, kuti apange kamangidwe koyenera.

2, Quotation: Kuphatikizapo mtengo wa nkhungu, moyo wa nkhungu, ndondomeko zolowa, chiwerengero cha matani chofunika ndi makina ndi nthawi yobereka nkhungu.(Mawu omveka bwino akuyenera kuphatikizapo zambiri monga kukula kwa chinthu ndi kulemera kwake, kukula kwa nkhungu ndi kulemera kwake, ndi zina zotero.)

3, Order (PurchaseOrder): dongosolo lamakasitomala, gawo loperekedwa ndi dongosolo laogulitsa kuvomerezedwa.

4, ProductionPlanningandScheduleArrangement: Gawoli liyenera kuyankha kwa kasitomala pa tsiku lenileni loperekera nkhungu.

5,Mapangidwe a Mold:Pro/Engineer, UG, Solidworks, AutoCAD, CATIA, ndi zina.

6, Kugula zinthu

7, kukonza nkhungu (Machining): njira zomwe zikukhudzidwa ndi kutembenuka, gong (mphero), kutentha kwa kutentha, kugaya, gong la kompyuta (CNC), kutulutsa magetsi (EDM), kudula waya (WEDM), kugwirizanitsa kugaya (JIGGRINGING), laser kujambula, kupukuta, etc.

8, Kusonkhana nkhungu (Msonkhano)

9, Kuyesa nkhungu (TrialRun)

10, Lipoti loyesa zitsanzo (SER)

11. Chivomerezo cha lipoti loyesa chitsanzo (SERApproval)

Nkhungukupanga

Zofunikira pakupanga nkhungu ndi kupanga ndi: miyeso yolondola, malo owoneka bwino, mawonekedwe oyenera, magwiridwe antchito apamwamba, makina osavuta, osavuta kupanga, kukhala ndi moyo wautali, mtengo wotsika, kapangidwe kake kuti akwaniritse zosowa za ndondomekoyi komanso kulingalira bwino kwachuma.

Mapangidwe a nkhungu ndi kusankha magawo ayenera kuganizira zinthu monga kuuma, chitsogozo, makina otsitsa, njira yoyika ndi kukula kwa chilolezo.Zigawo zowonongeka za nkhungu ziyenera kukhala zosavuta kusintha.Kwa nkhungu za pulasitiki ndi zitsulo zoponyera, kulingalira kuyeneranso kuperekedwa ku njira yothira bwino, kutuluka kwa pulasitiki yosungunuka kapena chitsulo, malo ndi njira yolowera mubowo.Pofuna kuonjezera zokolola ndi kuchepetsa kuthira kutayika kwa othamanga, nkhungu zamitundu yambiri zingagwiritsidwe ntchito, kumene zinthu zingapo zofanana kapena zosiyana zimatha kumalizidwa panthawi imodzi mu nkhungu imodzi.Popanga misala, magwiridwe antchito apamwamba, olondola kwambiri komanso mawonekedwe amoyo wautali ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mitundu yopita patsogolo yamasiteshoni ambiri iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito popondaponda, ndipo zomangira zopita patsogolo za carbide block zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonjezera moyo wautumiki.Pakupanga magulu ang'onoang'ono ndi kupanga mayesero azinthu zatsopano, nkhungu zokhala ndi dongosolo losavuta, kufulumira kupanga mofulumira komanso mtengo wotsika ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, monga zojambulajambula zokhomera, zojambula zowomba, zojambula za mphira za polyurethane, nkhungu za alloy otsika, zinc alloy. ndi mawonekedwe a super plasticity alloy.Nkhungu zayamba kugwiritsa ntchito kompyuta-aid design (CAD), mwachitsanzo, kudzera pakompyuta yokhazikika pamakina kuti akwaniritse bwino mapangidwe a nkhungu.Izi ndizomwe zimapangidwira kupanga nkhungu.

Malingana ndi mawonekedwe apangidwe, kupanga nkhungu kumagawidwa kukhala nkhonya zathyathyathya ndi kudula nkhungu ndi ziboliboli zokhala ndi danga.Kukhomerera ndi kudula kufa kumagwiritsa ntchito kusintha kolondola kwa convex ndi concave kufa, ena ngakhale osasintha.Ena forging amafa, monga ozizira extrusion kufa, kuponyera kufa, ufa zitsulo kufa, pulasitiki kufa ndi mphira kufa ndi patsekeke amafa, amene ntchito kupanga mbali zitatu-dimensional.Mabowo amaumba amakhala ndi magawo atatu: kutalika, m'lifupi ndi kutalika, ndipo ndizovuta komanso zovuta kupanga.Nthawi zambiri nkhungu zimapangidwa m'magulu ang'onoang'ono komanso magawo amodzi.Zofunikira pakupanga ndizokhazikika komanso zolondola ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito makina oyezera mwatsatanetsatane ndi zida.

Flat kufa kumatha kupangidwa poyambira ndi electro-etching ndiyeno kuonjezereka molondola ndi mizere ndi kugaya mogwirizana.Mawonekedwe akupera amatha kuchitidwa ndi makina opukutira opangira ma curve kapena makina opera pamwamba omwe ali ndi njira zochepetsera ndi kubwezeretsanso magudumu, kapena ndi zida zapadera zogaya pamakina opukutira mwatsatanetsatane.Makina opera a Coordinate atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyika thabwa kuti zitsimikizike kuti ng'anjo yolondola komanso yotseguka.Makina opera opangidwa ndi makompyuta (CNC) opitilira orbital co-ordinate angagwiritsidwe ntchito pogaya nkhungu zilizonse zopindika komanso zopanda dzenje.Zibowo zamkati zimapangidwira makamaka ndi mphero, EDM ndi ma electrolytic Machining.Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kophatikizana kwa mbiri ya contour ndi teknoloji ya CNC, komanso kuwonjezeredwa kwa mutu wamtundu wachitatu wopita ku EDM, kungapangitse ubwino wa cavity.Kuphatikiza kwa kuwomba kwa electrolysis ku makina a electrolytic kumatha kukulitsa zokolola.